From Spy story (Amazon-Kindle)
ELEVEN
After the aborted pigeon-shooting expedition, Nick Mostert limped into the Grosvenor Hotel bar.
The place was unusually quiet for a Saturday afternoon. Apart from the barman, Mostert could make out two other bodies, one on either side of a booth in the far corner. Pondo Harrington and Alf Apple seemed to be having their post-liquid-lunch nap.
The barman was called Baldy, although he had a substantial mop of hair. He was happy to be known by an abbreviation of his surname which was Baldwin. That was not surprising, considering his first name was Alistair.
‘Where’s everyone?’ Mostert asked him.
‘Everyone who?’ said Baldy.
‘Well, Gerald Wilson and George Trebble.’
‘Gerald had to go to Mount Frere,’ said Baldy, ‘to deliver some cattle dip. And George doesn’t come in until a bit later. He’s on duty most of the day, Saturdays, across at the club. But they’ll both be along soon.’
Nick Mostert turned and was about to leave when Pondo Harrington called out, ‘Hey, Mr Mostert! Come and give us a bit of talk here.’
Harrington’s dark hair fell to the collar of the omnipresent school blazer. But the stubble on his chin was less pronounced than the last time Mostert had seen it.
Mostert had yet to meet either of the odd couple. He walked around to their corner of the bar.
‘Let me buy you a drink,’ said Harrington. ‘Or vice versa.’
He ordered a double brandy, and while Mostert was rummaging for the change to pay for that and his own beer, Pondo added, ‘Tell us about your prang. That’s what you air force chaps call it? A prang?’
The feet of Alf Apple, as he lay on the bench, were pointed directly at Mostert’s beer glass. Harrington kicked at one sole, which was as gnarled as the bark on an ancient tree.
‘Hey, Alf!’ he shouted. ‘We’re just about to hear some real stories about the war!’
Mostert shook his head. ‘I’d rather not talk about the war,’ he said.
‘Come on,’ said Pondo. ‘ We’ve been told you’re a hero. You were brave under enemy fire and all that. No need to be modest. We don’t get too many first-hand reports in this one-horse town about what’s going on out there.’
‘There’s not much to tell,’ said Mostert. ‘Just something that happened. I wasn’t the only one. It happened to other pilots too.’ He took a sip of his beer. His brow creased and he lifted his eyes strangely, as though trying to read something inside of his head.
‘What do you mean?’ said Pondo Harrington.
‘Well, Twelve Squadron is stuck with these Boston bombers. We call them “Flying Incendiaries”. The fuel, and so a lot of the weight, is carried in the wings. If a wing gets hit, the plane goes into a spin and the wings get torn off. We’ve lost maybe a dozen Bostons already that way.’
Mostert gave a wry smile and added, ‘I was lucky. The ack-ack blast hit the fuselage, behind the cockpit, and took out my two mates. But I managed to get control before the plane started spinning and got it back to base. I just broke my leg landing, that was all.’
‘Did you actually get to see any Germans?’ Alf asked.
‘More to the point, did you kill any Krauts?’ The second question came from Ginger Southwood, who had just walked in.
Mostert turned to face the mechanic and lifted a hand in greeting. ‘Well,’ he said, ‘you have to fly high to avoid the ack-ack, then drop your load and get the hell out of there. So you don’t really see what happens on the ground.
‘But just before I left, the intelligence chaps said we were giving Rommel blazes.’
Ginger Southwood asked him, ‘Did you come in to see the Quiz Master? Old Gerry Wilson?’
‘Not really.’
‘I saw him giving you his routine when you walked in the other day,’ said Southwood. ‘Don’t feel special. He does that to all the strangers who come in here, when he gets pickled.’
‘In fact,’ Mostert said, ‘I was hoping someone could tell me how to find the Town Clerk. What’s his name? Perry?’
‘Harry Perry,’ said Pondo. ‘My old school chum. Grew up together. We used to share a fag behind the drill hall at break. Now he doesn’t greet me. Go up the main stairs in the town hall and turn right.’
‘Left,’ said Ginger Southwood.
‘Okay, left then. I don’t have cause to go up there these days. And Harry wouldn’t come in here in a month of Sundays. We’ve gone our different ways, him up and me mostly down. Harry’s office probably classes me as a person of no fixed abode.’
‘Then I’d have to be your next door neighbour,’ said Alf Apple and laughed uproariously.
‘What do you want Harry Perry for?’ Southwood asked Mostert. ‘You planning to put down some roots? What about the war?’
‘There’s a piece of property I’m interested in,’ Mostert said. ‘Along the river towards the police camp.’
‘That would be the old Jacobs place. They had chickens but they couldn’t make a go of it. Lazy, just like all coolies,’ said Southwood. ‘Didn’t like getting up early in the morning.’
‘Actually,’ Pondo Harrington said, suddenly vehement, ‘their place was flooded, a couple of summers ago, and most of the fowls drowned. Flooding’s a problem along that river area, so the rental may be way down now.’
He thought for a moment. ‘If you got the place, would you consider a couple of lodgers?’
‘You mean a couple of dodgers. Freeloaders,’ said Southwood roughly. ‘Why? Has Mike Strachan finally thrown you out of his disused chicken run?’
‘Let’s just say we’re between accommodations,’ Harrington said.
‘No,’ said Mostert. ‘No lodgers. Sorry, but I prefer to be on my own.’
He excused himself and went to the men’s room.When he got back to the bar, Gerald Wilson and George Trebble were in their usual places.
‘So, you’re thinking of putting in a bid for the old Jacobs dump,’ Wilson said.
‘Maybe,’ said Mostert. ‘It’s just one of my options.’
Chapter 16 (Spy story, Amazon-Kindle)
On the Wednesday after the U-boat sighting at Port St Johns, Digger O’Brien met again with his non-commissioned officers to check what progress they had made. Nothing, seemed to be the answer. Inquiries around the towns and villages had shown up no suspicious strangers. Nor could these NRV members think of anyone at all in their area who might be the sort of “mole” George Trebble was talking about.
Then Digger noticed George himself jumping up and down like a schoolboy who had done his homework. ‘What have you got, George?’ he said.
‘Maybe a suspect, sir,’ said Trebble. ‘Can we talk in private?’
‘No, George,’ Digger O’Brien said. ‘If we can’t trust one another here, we may as well go back to our tiddlywinks.’
So George Trebble proceeded to tell them all about Nick Mostert, about the fracture Ian Ross apparently was unable to find and his plan to get the young Moore to question Mostert face to face.
‘Good work, George,’ said Digger. ‘But that’s a hell of an allegation and it must not go any further than this room. In the meantime, let’s see if we can watch this Mostert bloke. See where he goes. See who he talks to.
‘What does he drive anyway? Oh, that old De Soto with the cage on the back. Well, according to Ginger Southwood, that size vehicle could fit those tracks. Although he thinks it’s more likely to be a truck. So I also want you chaps to get together and make a list of all the trucks you can think of in this area.’
‘Herman Weisse’s got that Dodge,’ said Arthur Klette. The auctioneer-licence examiner was one of two lance-corporals in the NRV. And he knew local vehicles. ‘Gerald Wilson’s got an old Chev van. And Leon de Witt has got his milk delivery truck. That’s about it.’
‘There’s the black Ford truck of the Buhls,’ said George Trebble. ‘But I haven’t seen anyone driving it since Fritz left. It just stands there at the back of the garage.’
‘See how many others you can think of,’ said Digger. ‘A lot of traders have trucks. But if our spy turns out to be a trader, I’ll be a monkey’s uncle.’
A different manner of surveillance was already in place around Nick Mostert, as he walked up York Road, having dropped some chickens off with the butcher. Billy Miller was matching him pace for pace on the other side of the street.
Mostert turned into the BV (for Best Value) Bazaar and spent ten minutes chatting to the owner, George Kolivos, who occasionally bought eggs from him. When he emerged, Billy was staring at the shop from the opposite pavement.
Nick Mostert changed direction and walked back towards the Grosvenor Hotel. The boy did the same. Mostert crossed the road and confronted him.
‘Are you following me, Billy?’ he asked. ‘You are Billy Miller, aren’t you?’
Billy Miller glared. ‘Yes,’ he said. ‘No, I mean. I’m not following anybody. I’m just waiting here for a friend.’
Mostert laughed, patted Billy on the shoulder and walked off.
A few minutes later, in the Grosvenor bar, Pondo Harrington told him that a pilot whose parents lived in Umtata would be in town that Friday night and had expressed a wish to meet him, to exchange war experiences.
‘Why me?’ asked Mostert.
‘Well, young Moore’s with Twelve Squadron at the moment,’ said Pondo. ‘Just recently joined. So you should have lots to talk about.’
The public library, a block and a half away from the O’Brien home in Owen Street, was Danny’s favourite place, milk bars and the Metro Cinema notwithstanding.
Even when he wasn’t changing his library books, he liked to go in and browse through the children’s section, looking at the books he had yet to read. He liked their smell, but also the fact that they were there, for him to enjoy at some time in the future.
But what afterwards? He paged now through the library books his father took out. The Saint and Bulldog Drummond looked interesting, although the action seemed slow-moving.
Billy Miller walked in. They had arranged to meet in the corner where the picture books were, the furthest point from the librarian’s desk.
‘How did it go?’ Danny whispered.
Billy shook his head. ‘He saw me,’ he whispered back.
‘How?’
‘Well, I tried to watch him from the town hall gardens,’ said Billy, ‘but then he went down to the butcher so I had to come out into the street.’
‘D’you think he knew you were following him?’
Billy nodded. ‘He asked me if I was. I said I was waiting for a friend. He thought it was a big joke.’
‘Maybe he’s on the lookout for people following him because he is that spy,’ said Danny. ‘We’ll have to be more careful. It’s going to be hard.’
Walking back along Owen Street, they encountered Alan Dewes, looking like the cat that swallowed the canary. In his hand he had a small torch. ‘You two!’ he said. ‘Come and see what I’ve found!’ He turned and began to trot down the hill.
Behind Owen Street was a lane that led up from the O’Brien home to the bottom fence of the Royal Hotel. The large house where the Dewes lived was midway between those two points. On the opposite side of the lane was the town engineer’s yard, a place of bulldozers, a steamroller and trucks.
That was where Alan was bound. Danny and Billy followed through the back gate of the Dewes’ property. They climbed through the strand fence of the yard and made their way to an open area where Alan stopped. Ahead was a half-open manhole cover.
‘Help me move this more,’ he said. ‘It’s quite heavy.’
The boys shifted the cover to reveal an opening several feet in diameter. On one side, metal rungs led down into the darkness. Alan turned on his torch.
‘It goes to the drains!’ he said. ‘Let’s go and see.’
Danny and Billy followed him down the ladder and the three were amazed by what lay below. A warren of passages led in four directions. Their outline could be seen by the occasional shafts of daylight emitted through gaps just below the concrete roof. Since it had not rained for several months, the floor was dry and surprisingly clean.
They chose one passage. Billy took Alan’s torch and led the way. After an incline, the passage flattened out to a T-junction. Ahead was another metal ladder. Billy climbed it. ‘Wow!’ he exclaimed. ‘We’re right under the pavement!’
The other two coaxed him down to take turns to look. ‘I can see the Clarendon Hotel!’ said Alan.
‘That’s right,’ said Danny. ‘That means we’re on the corner of Owen and Sutherland Street, right under the Metro!’
They retraced their steps and followed the tunnel past the manhole where they had climbed down. It led to a dead end. But to the right was another patch of light. It was the drain just below the O’Briens’ house.
‘There’s my dad’s car outside,’ said Danny. ‘It must be home time.’
‘Let’s come back and explore tomorrow,’ Alan said. The boys climbed out of the tunnel, dusted themselves down and carefully replaced the manhole cover.
‘How did you find this place, Alan?’ asked Billy. ‘That was darned clever.’
Alan had been looking for old ball bearings in the town engineer’s waste bin that contained metal scraps. The boys substituted large ball bearings, when they could be found, for the real marbles that were fast running out.
Alan’s search revealed six ball bearings in a broken brace but when he tried to prise them out, one had fallen through a vent in the manhole cover. ‘So I shifted it a bit and saw that deep hole and the ladder!’
The next afternoon, the three went back with a torch apiece. And then they discovered an even more marvellous thing. The network of drains ran under pavements on both sides of all the streets in the centre of the town, with regular gaps in the gutters where they could see out. High up, near the ceiling, the individual road names were stenciled in black paint.
Sometimes there were metal-runged ladders as they had encountered the previous day but usually the drain floor below these gaps was high enough to enable the boys to stand on tiptoe and peer out.
It was an expedition of wonder and excitement. At one point, Billy looked and said, ‘Hey! I was standing right above here yesterday. There’s the BV Bazaars! Old Mostert would never have seen me if we knew about these tunnels then!’
‘That’s right!’ said Danny. ‘We can follow him from down here in future. Wherever he goes around town. Wow!’
They walked east along Sutherland Street and beyond the Royal Hotel. A car was parked in a grove of trees on the empty lot below the Catholic Cathedral. A couple were in the front seat, in a close embrace.
‘What are they doing?’ asked Alan.
‘Kissing,’ said Billy Miller. ‘It’s Mrs Howlett and Mr Fuller from the jail.’
‘I didn’t know they were even related,’ said Alan Dewes.
They watched the two adults until they became bored, and then turned back along the drain to Owen Street. Harry Spring was walking with his pogo-stick motion towards the Masonic Hall.
Billy cupped his hands and started to moan in a deep voice. ‘Harreee!’ he intoned. ‘Harreee!’ Harry Spring rose a foot in the air and almost fell over.
During break at school the next day, the three of them told Charles Perkins about the underground maze and together they drew up a plan of action. It didn’t involve Steyn Mostert, whom they thought would still be embarrassed because Nick Mostert was his relative.
From John Ryan’s Spy story (Kindle)
ONE
Of all the years of Daniel O’Brien’s early childhood, the sixth was the first to make a substantial deposit in his memory bank.
For one thing, it was the time of a total eclipse of the sun.
On that day, his family piled into his father’s almost brand-new Ford V8 and drove out to Glendon Halt.
Glendon Halt was just a whistle-stop about five miles out of town, where the railway line to East London passed close to the national road going in the same direction. A few more miles distant, the landscape gave way to mud-hut villages and kraals built on the hills that rolled towards the Bashee depression and the Great Kei River.
Glendon Halt was flat enough eventually to become Umtata’s first aerodrome. But in 1940 it was a nothing place, an open stretch of veld with the train line cutting through it, though for some reason it had become a favourite destination among the white population for Sunday afternoon drives.
Fathers would park their cars facing the road. People would open their doors, greet one another, and simply sit back and watch. Some would take along their Sunday afternoon tea.
What did they watch? Well, the alleged object of the exercise was to observe out-of-town traffic going either west towards East London or back into Umtata and thus possibly on to Durban. So starved for entertainment was the community. Or so it seemed to Danny at the time.
Years later, however, it struck him that these curious afternoon excursions may have been no more than a device by wives to keep their husbands out of the Umtata Club which, with the golf club, had the only bar open on a Sunday.
But the day of the eclipse was exciting. Most families had brought picnic baskets. The sun, as yet, was warm. Earlier that week, father Jim O’Brien, Digger to his friends, had exposed a black-and-white film to the sun and taken it to Dangerfield’s the chemist to be developed. Now he distributed lengths of it among the family and any others without protection for their eyes.
One of these was Billy Miller, who had arrived from town on an oversized bike with a pair of field glasses around his neck.
‘Whoa, Billy!’ said Digger. ‘Where d’you think you’re going with those?’
‘I brought them to see the ak-lipse, Mr O’Brien,’ said Billy.
‘Then it would be the last thing you would see,’ Digger said, prising the binoculars from the lad’s grasp. ‘The sun would burn your eyes to little bits of coal. Here you go, take one of these strips. Make sure you look through it. And does your mom know you’ve got your dad’s glasses?’
Billy’s expression told him she didn’t.
‘Okay then,’ said Danny’s father, ‘I’ll keep them in our car and drop them off at your home later.’
Billy Miller was Danny’s oldest friend. The two had been born within days of each other, in the same nursing home. Townsfolk said of Billy’s father, Dougie, that he was his own man, meaning that in most things his actions were unpredictable. If that was so, Billy Miller was his own boy and it did not help that his father was not around then to exert discipline, eccentric though that brand could be. A few weeks earlier, in an unusual act of conformity, Dougie Miller had joined the Kaffrarian Rifles and was swiftly posted to North Africa.
Just before the total eclipse, the birds fell silent and dogs that had accompanied their owners began to howl. The darkness that followed was not the blackness of night but was tinged with a green iridescence. And from out of that darkness, a strong wind arose. Some of the younger children wailed. Young Danny was imbued with a feeling he had never experienced, nor could understand. It was as though his personal galaxy had begun shifting.
An inner sense said, if the routine that night should follow day could be thrown off course, what else could be in store for a boy starting out in the world? Particularly since that world was already beset by war.
For war was the overwhelming concern. Although hostilities had begun in the last part of the previous year, their impact was really felt with the beginning of a local recruitment drive and the launch of a War Fund.
Hundreds of young white Transkeians responded and soon disappeared to the nearest call-up centres, leaving behind relatives proud but anguished. Neville White, who lived in the O’Briens’ street, returned on a weekend furlough before being posted Up North.
While waiting for a train back to Pretoria, Neville was persuaded by the Owen Street youngsters to parade in full regalia. He stood in his bedroom, straight as a poker in khaki uniform and heavy brown boots, red tabs on his shoulders to show he was prepared to fight, not only for South Africa but for the entire realm of King George.
Neville was just turned eighteen. It was the last time the children saw him.
July 25 of that year was Digger O’Brien’s forty-eighth birthday. Danny and his mother went to the post office at the top of York Road to collect a parcel from his father’s brother in Devon.
Railway buses usually left from outside the station. But this time one was parked right outside the post office, encircled by a small crowd of onlookers, mostly black. A pile of leather suitcases stood alongside the luggage compartment.
Several policemen pushed their way through the crowd with six young men in tow. The men were pale and fair but wore dark suits and grim expressions. Three had dog collars like Dean Stewart.
Their demeanour was as grey as the day, for clouds had covered the sun like a lesser eclipse. When they climbed the steps at the front door of the bus, all turned and gave a stiff salute with their right hand.
Inside the bus, they began to sing, stridently, in a foreign language
‘What’s happening, mom?’ Danny asked loudly.
‘Shush, my boy!’ his mother said. ‘It’s just some people being sent away.’
‘Why?’
‘Because they’re Germans.’
‘What have they done?’
‘I don’t know,’ said his mother. ‘But we can’t have them here. Not while the war’s on.’
Digger O’Brien, whose office was barely a block away, heard the singing and told Danny later it was the Horst Wessel Lied, the traditional marching song of the Nazi Party. He explained that people who were Germans were being rounded up around the country. Those priests and young novices, who came from a Lutheran seminary, would be kept in a camp near Pretoria until the war was over.
‘But why can’t they just stay where they are?’ Danny asked.
‘Because,’ his father said, ‘we don’t know what they’d do there. It’s better to have them somewhere where we can keep an eye on them.’
Danny rushed off to tell his brother, Patrick, and their friend, Howard Langton. The two were kicking a rugby ball around the O’Briens’ back lawn.
Howard, who was a Catholic, had heard the news already.
‘Anyhow, they’re letting Father Roganmauser stay,’ he said. ‘Even though he speaks German too.’
‘Why?’ Danny asked.
‘Because he’s Swiss, so he’s not a real German. And he’s a man of God.’
‘But aren’t those other priests men of God too?’
‘Not if they salute bloody Hitler,’ Patrick said.
It was very confusing. Another neighbour, just up the road, was Fritz Buhl, who ran the Ford garage. Although he had a South African wife, the boys knew he had been born in Germany because he had told them so and had the accent to prove it.
Fritz Buhl was overseas just then but Danny wondered what would happen to him when he came back to Umtata. Would they send him to the camp in Pretoria too? And what about his wife, Margaret?
Howard and Patrick said there were tons of other Germans around the Transkei, though they and their fathers, and maybe their grandfathers, had never set foot in Germany. The older boys had learned about these Germans in their history lessons. Almost a century before, after the Crimean War, several thousand German volunteers had been given land in British Kaffraria as a reward for serving with the British Army. Many of these settlers had trekked into the Transkei.
Their descendants were families like the Weisses, the Deutschmans, Pucherts, Snellings, Schultzs, Schneiders. Patrick and Howard reeled off the names. So what would happen to all of those people now?
Herman Weisse was another of Danny’s friends. He ran the hardware store his father had opened in York Road a long time before. He gave Danny nails and off-cuts of wood and sometimes let him help behind the counter.
Herman was a cheerful man who joked a lot. What would he think about being sent to a camp in Pretoria? What sort of camp was it, anyway? Quite a few people had what they called “camps” on the Wild Coast, mainly huts like the blacks lived in or shacks without electricity or running water. Was the camp in Pretoria like one of those?
No, said Howard. Most likely it would be a whole lot of tents, or maybe the government had taken over a jail for the Germans.
Danny would have liked to ask Dean Stewart what he thought of priests being sent away like criminals, or giving Nazi salutes. The dean was always easy to talk to. Not much taller than a nine-year-old, he was a hunchback who looked like the person on the Punch magazine covers or a gnome in a book of fairy tales.
But Dean Stewart was not an easy man to find. His parish extended through almost the whole of the Transkei and he was often away.
Danny would have asked the same question of his father but then he recalled that his father had a thing about Father Roganmauser. Perhaps it was because Father Roganmauser was German-speaking, but he called him Father Roman-Noser. It was all very strange.
Before supper, Danny went down to the river with Billy Miller.
It was mid-winter and the water was low, the willows and sneezewood trees brown and bent. With their catapults, the boys shot stones at a can drifting down to the bridge.
Danny asked Billy what he thought about the German priests. Billy took aim with such ferocity that his stone thudded deep into the mud of the other bank. ‘My dad,’ he declared, ‘says the only good Jerry is a dead Jerry.’
Later, lying in bed in the front room he shared with his brother, Danny studied as he did every evening the figures and faces formed by the knots and annual rings in the pine ceiling. The largest looked like one of Oliver Cromwell’s Roundheads; another, further along, like a Cavalier. Still another had ears like Mickey Mouse and a nose like Goofy.
But that night, all of them were solemn and forbidding.
From Spy story (Amazon-Kindle)
FOUR
The new Ford looked less than spruce as it laboured to scale the heights of the Kei cuttings, the pass between Umtata and East London.
Its newness, anyway, had been dulled since Digger, despite protests by Patrick and Danny, decided to stick to whimsy and call the car Old Bill. All his previous cars had been called Old Bill. This would be Old Bill Mark 4.
The summer sun at noon seared the surrounding hills and boosted the temperature in the valleys to that of a medium oven. The boys lay back on the rear seat and wished time away.
Two white-coated figures occupied the front section. One was Clifford Makewane, Digger’s official driver. The other was their mother.
Iris O’Brien was dressed as she did for any motoring excursion that exceeded ten miles. Along with a dustcoat that covered her figure to mid-ankle, she wore white cotton gloves and a large scarf to protect her coiffure.
It was not typical attire for Transkei motoring, but Iris insisted that was the way they did things around Kimberley where she had grown up and where the fine dust generated by diamond excavations was more pervasive than anything the Transkei roads might throw her way.
Clifford’s white coat was regulation wear for trips around the territory in pursuit of his boss’s agricultural duties. East London was beyond that perimeter, and Iris O’Brien had suggested he wear something more comfortable. But Clifford declined. He believed, if white coats were to be worn on this journey, he should be inside one of them.
The three O’Briens were bound for East London on holiday. Digger’s commitment to the training course at Roberts Heights for two weeks had made it possible. School was in recess until after Christmas. Danny’s father had persuaded the Department of Native Affairs that, since he was being co-opted into His Majesty’s Service, Clifford should drive his family to their holiday destination.
The arrangement suited Clifford, who had relatives just outside East London and was due some leave himself.
They stopped for lunch, sandwiches and tea, before the assault on the cuttings. Just behind them, the Great Kei River snaked under a narrow rail-road bridge. For Danny it was always a relief to cross that bridge. He harboured a fear that the front wheels of the car would one day become trapped in the rail tracks and its occupants forced to follow the line to a point in some dark tunnel where they would meet a train head-on.
Old Bill tackled the pass reluctantly. Iris O’Brien, who had no head for heights, would say, ‘Careful around the curves, Clifford,’ and Clifford would answer, ‘Yes, madam,’ and pretend to slow down.
But soon afterwards the road improved, smoothing out into a tarmac surface as the coast came into sight. In mid-afternoon, the temperature fell too, moderated by a wind off the sea.
On a good day, the 150-mile journey could take four hours, or six on a bad one when rain obscured the potholes and turned dust on the windscreen into mud.
This was a good day. Clifford parked the Ford in one of a row of garages behind the Woodholme Hotel where the O’Briens usually stayed, and left to find a bus to the black townships.
The car would remain in the garage for the duration. Iris had taken her driver’s test the previous year, before Digger went overseas. But although she passed it, she did not drive. Arthur Klette, the auctioneer, was also Umtata’s official examiner. With unusual malice, he had made Iris reverse down the single lane of the old iron bridge. This so traumatised her that she vowed never to drive a car again.
For the two boys, holidays in Umtata could be monotonous. East London, by contrast, was a marvellous place. The esplanade extended from the harbour pier to an eerie promontory called Bat’s Cave, with shades of pirates and buried treasure. In between were a swimming pool, an aquarium and tearooms dispensing varieties of milkshake.
The bulk of the days was spent either on the beach or taking swimming lessons at the Orient Baths from Miss Nanni, a blonde instructress with the thighs of a front row rugby forward. Like Father Roganmauser, she was Swiss. Danny had never before thought of Swiss people being able to swim, what with all those Alps around, but Miss Nanni did so expertly.
There was a great deal more to do in the city itself. The shopping complex along Oxford Street stretched for more than a mile. They were grand stores, too, with a selection of goods Transkeians could only drool over.
One of the department stores, Garlicks, had an escalator with treads like the tracks of a Sherman tank, except they were made of wood.
Three cinemas up town showed the latest films and there was a café bio featuring a continuous performance of Tom Mix, Roy Rogers and Gene Autrey movies. Their mother called it a fleapit but allowed them to go anyway.
But the war was far more evident in East London than in Umtata. The Woodholme was at the end of the Orient Beach with an oblique view over the breakwater and the busy harbour where vessels of all sizes plied in and out. Looking seawards from their first floor window, Danny recalled with a chill the warning in the Territorial News about the vulnerability of the South African coastline.
Nights were particularly frightening. They had to draw the heavy drapes in their bedroom before turning on lights because a blackout was in force. Cars and buses along the Esplanade had their headlights taped down to a small square, emitting a niggardly beam. Traffic past the hotel was a procession of dark phantoms with slits for eyes.
The ships the boys could see in the roadstead during the day became invisible at night, ghostly reminders of U-boats and torpedoes.
When the rains came, and they took the bus to window-shop in the city centre, its windscreen wipers seemed to echo the slogan above the driver’s head: “Don’t talk about ships, don’t talk about ships, don’t talk about ships or shipping!”
The city centre was crammed with people in uniform and alive with excited chatter. Aircraft from the flying school at nearby Grahamstown would pass overhead, eliciting cheers and an extravagant waving of arms from those below.
The Orient beach became a point of relaxation and recreation for athletic young men, many of who would soon be going into action in Abyssinia against Benito Mussolini’s Italian forces. They were strangely cheerful. Iris O’Brien said that was because they at least would have a chance to see something of the world.
Less animated were the naval ratings manning the gun battery on Signal Hill, above the entrance to the harbour on the Buffalo River. Off duty, they mooched around the esplanade in pairs, sullen as bears. One, who seemed very friendly with Miss Nanni, told them he hadn’t joined the navy to spend his time in a blockhouse.
‘I may as well be behind a counter in a bloody bank,’ he said. ‘And I’d be earning more money.’
However, his opportunity for some excitement came sooner than he and his mates might have expected. Early one morning, a Portuguese freighter bound for Lourenco Marques in the neighbouring Portuguese province of Mozambique tried to sneak past without acknowledging a call from the naval battery to identify herself.
As the freighter sailed on, the duty officer gave the order for a warning shot to be fired across her bows. The single round from the battery gun struck the bridge and almost demolished the whole superstructure.
Patrick and Danny were in the harbour when the vessel was escorted in, under arrest, by tugs. The captain was led down the gangway to an army car, his white hair on end as though the shell had passed clear through it.
The Portuguese authorities claimed the navy had over-reacted by nearly destroying the freighter. In response, the officer commanding the Eastern Cape forces revealed for the first time that the German battleship Graf Spee was in the vicinity the previous November and had sunk a tanker off Inhambane in Mozambique.
Danny and his brother took the news with slack jaws. When Clifford Makewane arrived at the weekend to take them home, they left with less reluctance than was usual after a holiday in East London.
But the spectre of the dreaded Graf Spee did not fade entirely once the Ford had crossed the Kei River and headed up the roller coaster road into the olive hills beyond.
Home, after all, was only a day’s panzer drive from the Wild Coast, around whose rocky coves and deserted beaches might lurk any number of warships and submarines.
From Spy story (Amazon Kindle)
ONE
Of all the years of Daniel O’Brien’s early childhood, the sixth was the first to make a substantial deposit in his memory bank.
For one thing, it was the time of a total eclipse of the sun.
On that day, his family piled into his father’s almost brand-new Ford V8 and drove out to Glendon Halt.
Glendon Halt was just a whistle-stop about five miles out of town, where the railway line to East London passed close to the national road going in the same direction. A few more miles distant, the landscape gave way to mud-hut villages and kraals built on the hills that rolled towards the Bashee depression and the Great Kei River.
Glendon Halt was flat enough eventually to become Umtata’s first aerodrome. But in 1940 it was a nothing place, an open stretch of veld with the train line cutting through it, though for some reason it had become a favourite destination among the white population for Sunday afternoon drives.
Fathers would park their cars facing the road. People would open their doors, greet one another, and simply sit back and watch. Some would take along their Sunday afternoon tea.
What did they watch? Well, the alleged object of the exercise was to observe out-of-town traffic going either west towards East London or back into Umtata and thus possibly on to Durban. So starved for entertainment was the community. Or so it seemed to Danny at the time.
Years later, however, it struck him that these curious afternoon excursions may have been no more than a device by wives to keep their husbands out of the Umtata Club which, with the golf club, had the only bar open on a Sunday.
But the day of the eclipse was exciting. Most families had brought picnic baskets. The sun, as yet, was warm. Earlier that week, father Jim O’Brien, Digger to his friends, had exposed a black-and-white film to the sun and taken it to Dangerfield’s the chemist to be developed. Now he distributed lengths of it among the family and any others without protection for their eyes.
One of these was Billy Miller, who had arrived from town on an oversized bike with a pair of field glasses around his neck.
‘Whoa, Billy!’ said Digger. ‘Where d’you think you’re going with those?’
‘I brought them to see the ak-lipse, Mr O’Brien,’ said Billy.
‘Then it would be the last thing you would see,’ Digger said, prising the binoculars from the lad’s grasp. ‘The sun would burn your eyes to little bits of coal. Here you go, take one of these strips. Make sure you look through it. And does your mom know you’ve got your dad’s glasses?’
Billy’s expression told him she didn’t.
‘Okay then,’ said Danny’s father, ‘I’ll keep them in our car and drop them off at your home later.’
Billy Miller was Danny’s oldest friend. The two had been born within days of each other, in the same nursing home. Townsfolk said of Billy’s father, Dougie, that he was his own man, meaning that in most things his actions were unpredictable. If that was so, Billy Miller was his own boy and it did not help that his father was not around then to exert discipline, eccentric though that brand could be. A few weeks earlier, in an unusual act of conformity, Dougie Miller had joined the Kaffrarian Rifles and was swiftly posted to North Africa.
Just before the total eclipse, the birds fell silent and dogs that had accompanied their owners began to howl. The darkness that followed was not the blackness of night but was tinged with a green iridescence. And from out of that darkness, a strong wind arose. Some of the younger children wailed. Young Danny was imbued with a feeling he had never experienced, nor could understand. It was as though his personal galaxy had begun shifting.
An inner sense said, if the routine that night should follow day could be thrown off course, what else could be in store for a boy starting out in the world? Particularly since that world was already beset by war.
For war was the overwhelming concern. Although hostilities had begun in the last part of the previous year, their impact was really felt with the beginning of a local recruitment drive and the launch of a War Fund.
Hundreds of young white Transkeians responded and soon disappeared to the nearest call-up centres, leaving behind relatives proud but anguished. Neville White, who lived in the O’Briens’ street, returned on a weekend furlough before being posted Up North.
While waiting for a train back to Pretoria, Neville was persuaded by the Owen Street youngsters to parade in full regalia. He stood in his bedroom, straight as a poker in khaki uniform and heavy brown boots, red tabs on his shoulders to show he was prepared to fight, not only for South Africa but for the entire realm of King George.
Neville was just turned eighteen. It was the last time the children saw him.
July 25 of that year was Digger O’Brien’s forty-eighth birthday. Danny and his mother went to the post office at the top of York Road to collect a parcel from his father’s brother in Devon.
Railway buses usually left from outside the station. But this time one was parked right outside the post office, encircled by a small crowd of onlookers, mostly black. A pile of leather suitcases stood alongside the luggage compartment.
Several policemen pushed their way through the crowd with six young men in tow. The men were pale and fair but wore dark suits and grim expressions. Three had dog collars like Dean Stewart.
Their demeanour was as grey as the day, for clouds had covered the sun like a lesser eclipse. When they climbed the steps at the front door of the bus, all turned and gave a stiff salute with their right hand.
Inside the bus, they began to sing, stridently, in a foreign language
‘What’s happening, mom?’ Danny asked loudly.
‘Shush, my boy!’ his mother said. ‘It’s just some people being sent away.’
‘Why?’
‘Because they’re Germans.’
‘What have they done?’
‘I don’t know,’ said his mother. ‘But we can’t have them here. Not while the war’s on.’
Digger O’Brien, whose office was barely a block away, heard the singing and told Danny later it was the Horst Wessel Lied, the traditional marching song of the Nazi Party. He explained that people who were Germans were being rounded up around the country. Those priests and young novices, who came from a Lutheran seminary, would be kept in a camp near Pretoria until the war was over.
‘But why can’t they just stay where they are?’ Danny asked.
‘Because,’ his father said, ‘we don’t know what they’d do there. It’s better to have them somewhere where we can keep an eye on them.’
Danny rushed off to tell his brother, Patrick, and their friend, Howard Langton. The two were kicking a rugby ball around the O’Briens’ back lawn.
Howard, who was a Catholic, had heard the news already.
‘Anyhow, they’re letting Father Roganmauser stay,’ he said. ‘Even though he speaks German too.’
‘Why?’ Danny asked.
‘Because he’s Swiss, so he’s not a real German. And he’s a man of God.’
‘But aren’t those other priests men of God too?’
‘Not if they salute bloody Hitler,’ Patrick said.
It was very confusing. Another neighbour, just up the road, was Fritz Buhl, who ran the Ford garage. Although he had a South African wife, the boys knew he had been born in Germany because he had told them so and had the accent to prove it.
Fritz Buhl was overseas just then but Danny wondered what would happen to him when he came back to Umtata. Would they send him to the camp in Pretoria too? And what about his wife, Margaret?
Howard and Patrick said there were tons of other Germans around the Transkei, though they and their fathers, and maybe their grandfathers, had never set foot in Germany. The older boys had learned about these Germans in their history lessons. Almost a century before, after the Crimean War, several thousand German volunteers had been given land in British Kaffraria as a reward for serving with the British Army. Many of these settlers had trekked into the Transkei.
Their descendants were families like the Weisses, the Deutschmans, Pucherts, Snellings, Schultzs, Schneiders. Patrick and Howard reeled off the names. So what would happen to all of those people now?
Herman Weisse was another of Danny’s friends. He ran the hardware store his father had opened in York Road a long time before. He gave Danny nails and off-cuts of wood and sometimes let him help behind the counter.
Herman was a cheerful man who joked a lot. What would he think about being sent to a camp in Pretoria? What sort of camp was it, anyway? Quite a few people had what they called “camps” on the Wild Coast, mainly huts like the blacks lived in or shacks without electricity or running water. Was the camp in Pretoria like one of those?
No, said Howard. Most likely it would be a whole lot of tents, or maybe the government had taken over a jail for the Germans.
Danny would have liked to ask Dean Stewart what he thought of priests being sent away like criminals, or giving Nazi salutes. The dean was always easy to talk to. Not much taller than a nine-year-old, he was a hunchback who looked like the person on the Punch magazine covers or a gnome in a book of fairy tales.
But Dean Stewart was not an easy man to find. His parish extended through almost the whole of the Transkei and he was often away.
Danny would have asked the same question of his father but then he recalled that his father had a thing about Father Roganmauser. Perhaps it was because Father Roganmauser was German-speaking, but he called him Father Roman-Noser. It was all very strange.
Before supper, Danny went down to the river with Billy Miller.
It was mid-winter and the water was low, the willows and sneezewood trees brown and bent. With their catapults, the boys shot stones at a can drifting down to the bridge.
Danny asked Billy what he thought about the German priests. Billy took aim with such ferocity that his stone thudded deep into the mud of the other bank. ‘My dad,’ he declared, ‘says the only good Jerry is a dead Jerry.’
Later, lying in bed in the front room he shared with his brother, Danny studied as he did every evening the figures and faces formed by the knots and annual rings in the pine ceiling. The largest looked like one of Oliver Cromwell’s Roundheads; another, further along, like a Cavalier. Still another had ears like Mickey Mouse and a nose like Goofy.
But that night, all of them were solemn and forbidding.
A man for the occasion
(From John Ryan’s Spy Story)
Jan Christian Smuts was South Africa’s war-time Prime Minister and a Field-Marshal in his own right.
Although he was one of a group of visionaries who in 1920 conceived the idea of a League of Nations to monitor global peace, wars were what Jan Smuts knew best.
The Second World War was his fourth. Jannie Smuts had been a general in both Boer Wars, on the Boers’ side, and had led Allied operations against the Germans in East Africa in the First World War.
His record was not without blemish. As Minister of the Interior, before the First World War, he was ruthless in his attempts to put down Mahatma Gandhi’s passive resistance campaign in Natal and the Transvaal; as Minister of Mines, he was heavily criticised for setting the armed forces against South Africa’s miners in their disputes over working conditions in 1913 and 1914.
Three years into this war, however, South Africa desperately needed someone to look up to, and Smuts was the obvious one to hand.
The campaign was beginning to lose its glamour. After the first flush of success by the South African forces against the Italians in East Africa and Abyssinia, the pendulum began to swing the other way. Late in 1941, South Africa’s Fifth Infantry Brigade had taken a battering from Rommel’s Afrika Korps in the Western Desert. More than two hundred South Africans were killed, several hundred wounded and many captured.
Six months afterwards came Tobruk, where the fatalities were even heavier. More than thirteen thousand South African volunteers were taken prisoner. Most ended up in German concentration camps.
For several Transkei families, the battles at Sidi Rezegh and Tobruk were acutely tragic. Among the many young men reported “missing, presumed dead” was Neville White, the O’Briens’ neighbour who had been so proud of his red combat tabs.
The curtains in the front room of the Whites’ house were drawn for days while neighbours, including Iris, kept up a supply of meals to Neville’s father, mother and two sisters.
One of those who came to console the family was Father Roganmauser, even though the Whites were Anglican.
Digger O’Brien was about to park the Ford outside the O’Briens’ home. He spotted the priest’s battered Chev behind him, making for the Whites’ house. Hurriedly, he continued down, turned into the driveway and closed the gate. Father Roganmauser was the most menacing of all the Transkei’s bad drivers.
On one occasion, Jimmy Millard had been travelling along the Port St Johns road when he saw Father Roganmauser approaching. Jimmy turned and drove into the nearest field. The Chev followed, ploughed through the rows of maize and, with unerring accuracy, dinged the front of Jimmy’s truck. After which Father Roganmauser got out and asked Jimmy if he would mind calling around at the cathedral to check the geyser.
Despite himself, Digger O’Brien was forced to review his opinion of the Catholic priest after that visit to the White family.
In fact, Digger himself had been baptised as a Catholic, had grown up and been a member of the choir in a Catholic church in Cheapside, London. Then he and his elder brother had heard that the Church of England in the area was offering choirboys more money and they switched religions.
Nor did the tally of local casualties stop with Tobruk. Every week, the Territorial News ran a list of Eastern Cape men missing, believed dead or captured, a column that continued to grow considerably longer than another alongside it listing reports from the various fronts in which South Africans were mentioned in dispatches.
There was conflict on the home front too. One of the reasons Jannie Smuts had elected to have recruitment for the armed forces on a volunteer basis was because of the outcry after his administration declared war against Germany.
The white population was divided on the war issue. Conscription almost certainly would have led to civil unrest. As it was, the second year of South Africa’s involvement caused an outbreak of fighting around the Johannesburg City Hall that continued for two days.
Responsible for much of the dissent was the Ossewa Brandwag, a body of Nazi sympathisers who modelled themselves on the Nazi Storm Troopers. Although the OB was declared an illegal organisation after the Johannesburg violence, it continued to work underground, plotting subversion.
On Christmas Eve, 1941, a story had broken in Transvaal newspapers which shocked the nation. Robey Leibbrandt, South Africa’s light-heavyweight boxing champion who had represented his country at the 1936 Olympic Games in Berlin, was arrested on charges of high treason.
Leibbrandt met Hitler at the Games but even before that had been impressed with his ideology of National Socialism. The boxer had returned illegally to his home country earlier that year after undergoing training in sabotage and espionage in Germany. He was put ashore on the west coast from a sailing yacht and immediately began to recruit other Nazi sympathisers for an audacious conspiracy called Operation Weissdorn.
The plot sought to overthrow the Smuts coalition government, assassinate Smuts and, with German military backing, establish a National Socialist republic in South Africa. It failed, largely because the war authorities received inside information about Robey Leibbrandt’s presence in the country and his activities. After a long trial, Leibbrandt was sentenced to death but the sentence was later commuted to life imprisonment by the Smuts government. Jan Smuts feared there would be a huge backlash if Leibbrandt were to hang.
This inter-group tension among white South Africans had some ironic consequences. One of the O’Briens’ Kimberley cousins, Ernest Wright, was assaulted by a bunch of OB thugs late one night on a platform at Johannesburg’s Park Station because he happened to be wearing a uniform.
Ernest was beaten so badly that he spent two months in hospital and later was declared unfit for active service. Weeks after his discharge, he was assaulted once more on the same platform – this time by a bunch of pro-war zealots because he was in civvies.
Finally, Umtata’s civic leaders decided to hold a memorial service for Neville White and other young men who plainly now would not be coming home.
It was an ecumenical event outside St John’s Cathedral. Dean Stewart conducted the ceremony. Father Roganmauser echoed the dean’s sentiments about a senseless loss of young lives. A minister from the Dutch Reformed Church was also there, since two of those missing believed dead were DRC congregants.
From the cathedral bell tower, a bugler from the Umtata High School cadet band played the Last Post and Reveille. The dean quoted poet Laurence Binyon’s requiem from the Great War:
“They shall grow not old, as we that are left grow old
Age shall not weary them, nor the years condemn.
At the going down of the sun and in the morning
We will remember them.”
And got it wrong.
Digger O’Brien was careful to have his NRV men in position before the arrival of the more practised Native Military Corps and the school cadet band. The parade down York Road to the market square was led by the school’s drum major, Georgie Wood, tossing his mace high. A troop of Boy Scouts brought up the rear.
Patrick had wanted to join the scouts but his father flatly refused. He said there was nothing the scoutmaster, Arthur Davies, could teach anyone about anything.
After the service, Digger approached Dean Stewart to whisper in his ear.
‘It’s “grow not old”, Mr Dean,’ he said. ‘Not “not grow old”.’
‘Ah,’ said the dean. ‘Sorry about that, Digger. But then you’ve had more experience with these things.’
‘Yes,’ said Danny’s father, ‘but then I’ve heard lots of people with experience get it wrong too. It just sounds better the right way. I’m sure the poet preferred it like that.’
Dean Stewart was an eloquent man who liked to punctuate his own sermons with poetry. ‘That’s very true,’ he told Digger. ‘I won’t make the mistake again. And I fear we’ll have plenty of opportunities in the near future to get it right!’
As the year wore on, some Umtata families began to get word of relatives captured at Tobruk and Sidi Rezegh.
Whatever letters were allowed through the Italian and German censors were cryptic, sometimes ticking off statements on a prepared form, usually venturing not much more than that the writer was in good health.
One evening, however, Digger told Iris O’Brien that the Dudleys had just received a strange letter from their son, Robert, who was being held in Stalag VII, a prisoner-of-war camp near Moosburg in Germany.
George Dudley was another NRV volunteer. He said Robert’s letter was more expansive than previous letters from him but contained certain references they could not understand. ‘Robert says they wouldn’t believe who else is in the camp with him and the other Transkei chaps,’ said Digger. ‘Then, later, he asks how the family’s Ford is going.’
‘That is odd,’ Danny’s mother said. ‘Don’t the Dudleys still have that old Buick?’
Information about conditions in the prisoner-of-war camps could become distorted by the time it reached the level of the local junior school.
Trevor Clark, a new boy at the school whose mother had moved the family down from Johannesburg and taken a job in the public library, told his classmates how the Germans were using Allied prisoners to make babies for the Nazi cause.
They would suspend the prisoner and a German woman, face to face and close to each other, on contraptions like the horizontal bars in the school gym and prod the prisoner in the bottom with a bayonet until the baby was made.
As amusing, but not apocryphal, was a story Pat Lawlor was told in a letter from his son, Andrew, in Cairo.
The camp where Andrew Lawlor was billeted was surrounded by a fence. Latrines were open ditches along one perimeter. Local Egyptian farmers had been given permission by the camp commander to collect the excrement to use as manure.
One morning the young man had gone out to ablute. As he began to crouch, one of the farmers thrust a spade through the fence. Afterwards he withdrew the spade and scuttled away.
‘Andy turned around to check the result of his efforts, as one does,’ his father said, ‘and there was nothing. Nothing at all. He says he even looked in his turn-ups!’
They have become migrants in their own country
As the African national Congress continues to splinter, and our Laughing Death president and his Gupta mates fight for control of the Treasury, the race card is being played more and more often. Not only by the ANC but also by the Economic Freedom Front.
This week, a spokesman for the governing party claimed that, after 22 years since the democratic elections, white companies still dominated the economy. This was disputed immediately by Moaletsi Mbeki – a Harvard-trained economist– who provided evidence to the contrary. With the spread of Black Economic Empowerment companies and the rise in the number of young black entrepreneurs, it was no longer true. Nor was the myth that there were still more middle-class whites than blacks.
Mbeki, younger brother of former president Thabo Mbeki, commented that the race card was about the only one the ANC had left.
The EFF got into the act by attacking the “white” Democratic Alliance government in the Western Cape for not providing enough low-cost housing for blacks.
Again, the truth has been ignored. Up until March, 2013, the Cape Town-based administration had created 94 000 housing units and sites at a cost of almost R5 billion and estimated that it would have to spent R2 billion a year fromthen on to cater for the growing number of squatters.
The influx of new inhabitants in the Western Cape, mostly from the Transkei and Ciskei, had been a problem since the start of the New South Africa. Many hundeds of Transkeians and Ciskeians, told by the ANC that there was a new life awaiting them in the Western Cape, were bussed in and dumped. They were to be voting fodder for the ANC.
Many ended up in unlikely places like Hout Bay where the only industry, fishing, had for years been the preserve of the local Coloured population.
The Cape Town municipality had no option but to designate an area for them on the slopes of Hout Bay, an almost jobless domain that has grown hugely since then.
Cape Town experienced a similar influx. By 1996, the population of Khayelitsha – the biggest black township – had mushroomed to 250 000. The census of 2011 revealed that the figure had expanded to 400 000. And the squatter perimeter has spread substantially since.
In 1996, my friend Patrick Lawrence went to speak to some of the newcomers. Most didn’t even have the fare to get into Cape Town to look for work. Even today, a vast number of people living in Cape Town’s townships and squatter camps do not have jobs.
Effectively, they have become migrants in their own country.
Of course, the root of the problem continues to be the lack of jobs in the Eastern Cape, the Transkei and Ciskei particularly.
Awful though the motives were behind the old Bantustans – to entice as many blacks as possible back to their homelands – they might have left one beneficial effect. Local industrialisation. And thus job opportunities.
That, indeed, was part of the Nationalist government’s plan. At the time of self-government for the Transkei and Ciskei, foreign investors and developers were offered attractive incentives. A ready and cheap labour market. Relaxed labour laws. Low taxes.
The plan worked for a while. But then corruption came to the fore.
In 1970, seven years into self-government, I interviewed the Transkeian chief minister’s brother, George Matanzima. I asked him how the economy was doing.
“Well,” he said. “Do you know that Umtata (the capital) now has the biggest manual telephone exchange in Southern Africa?” Manual exchange.
I said I didn’t but asked how the proposed hydro-electric scheme on the Umzimvubu River was proceeding. Kaiser Matanzima had proposed the project as a matter of priority and the Nat government had thrown millions of rands at it.
George Matanzima admitted that the scheme hadn’t yet got off the ground. And it never has.
A year after the first democratic election, I drove down to the Transkei. The entire economy was a wreck. Emergency aid of R8 million was being pumped into 28 Transkeian municipalities to save them from total collapse. One of the biggest industries, the Magwa Tea Corporation, had lost R30 million over the years and needed R25 million more just to keep going.
In Umtata, my home town, only two factories seemed to be in operation. One produced barbed wire. Manually, like the old telephone exchange. One man held a length of wire while another man cut a thinner gauge wire into small pieces to create the barbs.
In September, 1987, the South African government had appointed a commission of inquiry to investigate allegations of serious corruption by the Transkei leaders. The commission found that, after dealings of doubtful legality, the Transkei government had lost R45 million through money transfers abroad. It blamed George Matanzima, then chief minister, and the president, Tudor Ndamase.
South African auditors I spoke to in Umtata, who were going through the territory’s accounts, had even more damning information. More than a billion rands in treasury bills issued to the Transkei government appeared to be missing. They simple could not be found.
That was the bad debt baggage that accompanied the Transkei when it became part of the new Eastern Cape. The Ciskei’s contribution was somewhat better. But both are still millstones around the neck of what used to be the Eastern Province and Border.
And yet the potential in the two territories that the apartheid government once tried to exploit for its own devious purposes still exists. Outside of droughts, the area has a fair rainfall; labour is there for the training; and there is easy access to two of South Africa’s ports, Port Elizabeth and East London.
Had the Umzimvubu hydro-electric scheme not fallen foul of misspending and theft, there would have been more than adequate electricity.
The laws that apply to foreign investors would have to be relaxed as indeed they should right around the country. But substantial economic growth is not only possible in these former Bantustans. It is vitally necessary.
And soon.
Following the spy’s cold trail
Daniel O’Brien beat the Woods to the draw by inviting them to dinner at Mac’s.
Colin McMillan’s grand house came with three domestic workers – a cook, a maid and a gardener. Since he had arrived, Daniel had tried to give them as little additional work as possible.
This evening, he did the cooking himself. The main course was a spicy Moroccan lamb casserole. It was a recipe he’d got from the news agency’s correspondent in Tangier.
Mark’s wife, Lorna, was a petite woman with large eyes. The Woods told Daniel they had two sons at Selborne College in East London.
‘Is that a reflection on the standard of education at Umtata High?’ he asked.
‘Yes,’ said Mark. ‘I’d have to say so. The local principal is a good man and he tries hard. As do most of the teachers. But the pupil-to-teacher ratio is well over forty. We felt we had to send the boys away.’
The oven clock pinged. Daniel went out and checked the stove.
The meal and small talk over, Daniel asked how they thought the Transkei would progress under the new disposition.
‘It can only get better,’ said Lorna. ‘But the tragic thing about the Transkei is the amount of money that’s been pumped into it. To very little effect. And that’s been going on for nearly twenty years.’
‘That’s pretty much it,’ said Mark. ‘As you know, we’re soon to become part of a new province, the Eastern Cape. That will incorporate the old Eastern Province and the Border as well.
‘The Transkei’s contribution to that new province will be a load of bad debts, no goodwill, and an aggravation of every problem that existed before it became independent in 1976.’
‘So you think things should only improve now,’ said Daniel.
‘I don’t know,’ Mark Wood said. ‘Do you? You’ve had experience all around Africa. What do you expect will happen?’
‘Well, you can’t deprive people of political power for generations and then expect them not to get drunk on that power when you eventually hand it to them,’ Daniel said. ‘That’s what happened in this territory. It’s bound to happen nationally in South Africa now. To what extent, we’ll just have to see.’
Mark Wood asked, ‘What actually are you doing here, Daniel?’
‘It’s something that goes back a long time,’ he said. ‘I almost feel foolish talking about it.’
‘Why?’ asked Mark.
‘Because it’s so airy-fairy. So far in the past. And in the time I’ve been here, I’m fast reaching the conclusion that maybe there will be no conclusion.’
‘Tell us about it,’ Lorna said.
Daniel paused, then asked Mark Wood a question. ‘Did your father ever talk about the war?’
‘No, not really,’ said Wood.
‘Why not?’
‘Well, it was history long before I was born. At school, we were taught the bare details.’
‘Didn’t your dad tell you how he lost the index finger on his left hand?’
‘So you know about that?’ Wood said. ‘No, not exactly. He said it happened in an accident.’
‘An accident with a live three-oh-three bullet,’ said Daniel, and smiled. ‘And that was during the war. On Fridays, the hostel boarders’ afternoon out, a bunch of us would go out to the quarry on the Engcobo road and look for doppies, spent cartridges. We knew the NRV chaps usually had rifle practice there on Thursday afternoons.
‘We’d make water pistols out of the doppies. If you took out the old percussion cap, by banging the cartridge at the firing end, you’d find two small holes. Then we’d wrap a piece of cloth around a six-inch nail, insert it into the cartridge, and we had a water pistol.’
Daniel added, ‘This has got nothing to do with my story. It’s just something that came to mind, thinking about that time. Well. One day, out there in the quarry, your father found a live round. He took it back to the school, stuck it in a vice in the woodwork shop, got a hammer and a nail and hit the end to see what would happen.
‘The bullet ricocheted off the walls and came right back and took off his finger. He was quite a celebrity for a while but he got an awful caning when he got out of hospital.’
‘Well,’ said Mark Wood. “Maybe that explains why he didn’t talk too much about the war.’
‘So he wouldn’t have told you about the spy?’
‘Spy? A spy in the Transkei?’
‘Oh, yes,’ said Daniel. ‘In fact, at one stage it seemed that there might have been two of them.’
‘What on earth was there to spy on?’ Lorna Wood asked.
‘Well, the Wild Coast was a great hunting ground for U-boats, with all the convoys that passed around the Cape. And those subs obviously were looking for remote bays or harbours to re-provision.
‘One even tried to sail right up the estuary at Port St Johns. There was a signal from the shore and it turned around. That’s when it first became clear that there was a spy, a traitor, setting up these landings.’
‘Why wasn’t the spy nabbed right then?’
‘The person with the torch was some way away and there were only a few civilians around. But the police and my father came down the next day and found tyre tracks. That started a witch-hunt that went on for months.’
“Why was your father involved?’ asked Lorna Wood.
‘He was head of the NRV, the National Reserve Volunteers,’ O’Brien explained. ‘After that he became very involved in the hunt. Which is why I came to know all about it.’
‘Was the traitor caught?’ Mark asked.
‘Identified, after one of the locals died. But never caught. My father saw it as a failure on his part. If wasn’t, of course, but it bothered him for years. It bothered him that the person could have just got away like that. Disappeared into thin air.
‘So that’s what I’m doing here,’ said Daniel. ‘Trying to solve a mystery for my father. With a name from the past, a pretty common one at that, and nothing much else.’
From Spy Story.
‘Headquarters is where the president happens to be’
Somewhere in Mozambique.
Eventually, we arrive at the meeting place after a long walk in full moonlight and an illegal border crossing. His Excellency, the warlord, is not yet there.
Afonso Dhlakama, we are told, is on the last stage of a more mammoth trip from Gorongosa, Renamo’s headquarters in the central area of the country. He will have been motorcycling and then walking for some days, they say, which makes our expedition a jog in the park.
The original plan was to have met in Gorongosa itself, but it seems the war has destroyed that arrangement. So the mountain is coming to Mohammed.
By moonlight, two tents loom out of the darkness. They are to be our accommodation. Beyond are the shapes of several thatch-and-bamboo huts, around a central mess. Adjacent are a kitchen, a bucket shower enclosure and even a user-friendly long-drop.
We admire the neatness and the craftsmanship – intertwined bamboo, poles from indigenous trees cut to length. Thatch precisely atop.
Ah, but the camp, says a Dhlakama aide, has been created especially and speedily for our meeting. Once His Excellency realised the Gorongosa venue for out, he sent a small force of guerrillas ahead to build this place.
Incredibly, it took them only three days.
After coffee from an insulated urn, we retire to foam mattresses, sheets and blankets. Dhlakama is still walking, or has reached a night stop across the hill. We will see him tomorrow.
In the morning there is warm water and soap in the shower enclosure and toilet paper in the long-drop shack. Two young women, alike as book-ends in uniform and girth, serve chicken, vetkoek and potatoes for breakfast. They would not diminish the aggregate weight of a provincial rugby scrum.
The aide says the women, Agnes and Jolalilia, have also arrived from Gorongosa but without the benefit of a motorcycle for the first leg. One can only marvel that they managed to retain their shape.
We take stock of the camp by daylight. One of the huts has its own little porch, overlooking a stream, and a raised bedstead. Out from another steps a third woman with striking features, a svelte figure in cool muslin. It appears she is Lucy, Afonso Dhlakama’s personal assistant.
Just before noon, the Renamo president himself emerges from the bush in the company of four bodyguards. Dhlakama is dressed in US army camouflage with four stars on epaulettes and beret. He looks remarkably fresh after his ordeal by foot.
The bodyguards have AK-47s and sidearms. One carries a briefcase. Dhlakama has no weapon.
He greets us affably, a rotund man with a smile to match. He is ready at once to answer any questions and makes an informal speech as soon as he is given a chair.
The president’s Portuguese is fluent. Occasionally, he feels confident enough to break into English. But mainly one of his aides interprets.
Dhlakama wishes to put the record straight on Renamo. It is not a bunch of armed bandits, as the Frelimo government continually suggests in its propaganda, but a movement aimed at bringing democracy and justice to Mozambique.
The stories of the butchering of children, the bayoneting of pregnant women. All untrue, all lies. But unhappily the world accepts Frelimo’s propaganda stories because Renamo up to now has not bothered to deny them. That is going to change.
We question Dhlakama anyway about the atrocities that have been blamed on Renamo. How could victims we have interviewed ourselves in refugee camps be wrong about who the perpetrators were?
‘We don’t kill the people,’ the president says. ‘If we were killing the people, we would have lost the war.’
It is a known fact that no guerrilla movement has ever won a war without the support of the people. Renamo has been able to resist, to control ‘all of Mozambique’ because of such support.
The truth is that it is Frelimo who is killing the people. And now the Zimbabweans too – ‘bombing and bombing with their helicopters and warplanes’.
He wishes we could have gone to Gorongosa, to see for ourselves the lifestyle there, his relationship with the people. Next time, however, we will have a good landing by plane right in Gorongosa and good talks there instead of in a deserted place like this.
He wants to tell the world that Renamo is ready to have peace in Mozambique but not while the Zimbabweans remain. Frelimo and Renamo must be left to sort out their own differences. That is the only way to peace.
Dusk interrupts the interview. Afonso Dhlakama bids us goodnight. Tomorrow he will be back for more talks and pictures with some of his soldiers. “Maybe we can get ten or twenty here,’ he says with a dry laugh. ‘In Gorongosa, you could have had many hundreds, thousands.’
He departs with his bodyguards for wherever he spent the previous night.
Over supper of beans and rice, we ask an aide about Gorongosa. Is the headquarters a structured town?
‘It is several places, several camps,’ he says. ‘When the enemy comes, we can move from one to another. Headquarters is where His Excellency, the president, happens to be.’
Next morning the same aide asks where we would like to photograph the soldiers. Where else but right here, we say. No, there is a better place up on the hill, more level, better for marching.
We follow the man up a worn track. Past what is clearly a radio shack, with one soldier tuning the set while another cranks the generator. Past what is plainly a clinic, red crosses on the curtain over the entrance, and past a dozen and more other huts previously unseen.
Then the penny begins to drop. It falls all the way when Afonso Dhlakama, who should never have been here before in his life, makes the journey up the hill with easy familiarity to direct his troops.
The huts are new, but twenty of them cannot possibly be a few days new. More likely, three or six months. And the established radio shack and clinic, the well-trodden clearing around the mess centre. The path to an area where the troops must often have marched.
Agnes And Jolalilia, the bookends, and the weight they didn’t lose on the long haul from Gorongosa. Lucy, the assistant, in cocktail muslin. Dhlakama himself, cool and physically substantial after ‘walking for some days’.
The hut with the verandah, perched above the stream, a hut among huts, fit for a rebel leader.
Headquarters is where the president happens to be. It is here, and obviously has been for some time.
But why the attempt to deceive? The answer can only lie in the situation back in Gorongosa, the ‘bombing and bombing’ by the Zimbabwean warplanes and the need for the Renamo president to be seen to be missing only temporarily from there.
We remember something else he said yesterday during his presentation. ‘Samora Machel lived in exile in Tanzania, Sam Nujoma in Angola, Robert Mugabe here in Mozambique.
‘I am the only rebel leader who lives with the people. Right here in the country.’
With a border a relative hop and a skip away, that may not be true for much longer.
From One Man’s Africa.
i
Who set the Fuhrer on fire?
Chapter 30
‘Have you done your chores, George?’ Pondo Harrington asked as George Trebble walked into the Grosvenor bar.
‘What chores?’
‘What’s mine?’ said Pondo. ‘Mine’s a double whiskey. Thanks for offering.’
George Trebble was most vulnerable to being caught by this customary frivolity on a Saturday morning, after his usual, heavy Friday night, although he had yet to buy Harrington a drink.
This morning, anyway, the regulars had other things on their minds. They were still trying to absorb what Jeff Hall had said about Fritz Buhl’s part in making things easier for the Transkei POWs. And they were agog to hear what George could tell them about the conflagration afterwards at the Rec Ground.
‘So who did it then?’ Pondo asked. ‘Who spoilt our party? Was it that spy again? You army blokes must have some idea.’
Nick Mostert, since he was no longer suspected of being “that spy”, gave his opinion. ‘I don’t think any Nazi sympathiser would have set old Adolf on fire. Even a model of him. It would go against the grain.’
‘I think you’re right, Nick,’ said Gerald Wilson. ‘So who could it have been, George?’
‘Oh, we have a pretty good idea,’ George said, mysteriously.
In fact, George Trebble had no idea at all.
Sergeant Jock Brown had arrived at the Rec the previous night at the height of the blaze. He had found volunteers from the fire brigade filling buckets of water from a solitary tap. He told them not to bother, to let the bonfire take its course. The fire was not going anywhere else.
They all watched in some awe as Adolf Hitler became animated and suddenly rose from his seat, an action generated by pockets of air in the firewood.
Someone tapped Jock Brown on the arm. It was Melvyn Swanepoel, the janitor from the Drill Hall over the road.
‘I saw them, Jock!’ he said.
‘Them, Swanny?’
‘Three of them,’ said Swanepoel. ‘Three women. They were running up Alexandra Road.’
Brown digested the information. ‘You’re sure it wasn’t one woman and, maybe, two men?’
‘No, Jock. Three women. For sure. All in long dresses.’
Oh, my God, Jock Brown thought. It was Ma Perkins and her mad daughters!
From his home, he phoned Digger O’Brien to tell him.
‘What are you going to do?’ Digger asked. ‘Arrest them?’
‘On what evidence?’ Jock Brown said. ‘Swanny wouldn’t be able to identify them. We’ll just have to write it off as something that happened, just something else to put in our war journal.’
‘I suppose so.’
‘But one thing, Digger,’ said Brown. ‘For God’s sake, don’t tell George Trebble. Otherwise, we’ll have another bloody public meeting and they’ll want to tar and feather the whole Perkins family!’
Surprisingly, that Saturday fete met the expectations of the organisers. The early demise of the Nazi leader probably attracted more people than otherwise would have come. Particularly after one of the volunteer firemen had a brainwave. He tied a neatly lettered sign around what was left of the broomstick that had been the Fuhrer’s spine.
It was a variation of the old Guy Fawkes chant – “Guy Fawkes, Guy, stick him in the eye!” – and it seemed to excite the many schoolchildren who thronged around the ashes. Soon, some of them began to march about, chanting, ‘Easy as pie! Stick Hitler in the eye!’
Danny watched from a distance, feeling sick. He had hoped against hope that the Perkins females would not go through with their plan. The thought that he might have been able to prevent it, if he hadn’t made that silly promise, weighed on his heart.
Moses Madasa came by, looking smart in his blazer and hat. ‘Danny, my friend!’ he said. ‘What’s the matter? You look like you lost ten shillings and picked up a sixpence.’
‘Nothing, Moses,’ said Danny. ‘Thanks. I’m fine.’
‘But where’s the smile? This is a big day! Where are your friends, Billy and the others? You should all be celebrating! Hitler’s been burned in our town! He’s gone to ashes!’
As he often did when Moses was effervescent, Danny began to feel better and asked Moses about soccer.
‘Ah, we’ve got a big game next Sunday,’ said Moses. ‘Biggest one I’ve played in. North Transkei versus South Transkei. And I’m the striker for the South. Stanley Matthews Number Two!’
Because of the nature of the day, the boys had arranged to have shorter watches on the Buhl house – until lunchtime, when Herman Weisse would close his shop for the weekend. Danny’s shift was due to start in less than an hour. He was wondering how to spend that time, when his father arrived.
‘Let’s take a stroll, Danny,’ said Digger. He led the way through the stalls. At the end of the grandstand, he stopped.
‘Charles told you,’ he said. ‘Didn’t he, Danny? He told you what his mother and sisters were going to do. That’s why you’ve been so morose recently.’
‘Yes,’ said Danny after a long pause. ‘Charles told me. But it was a secret, Dad. He made me swear not to tell anybody.’
‘And so you swore that.’
‘Yes, but I didn’t know then what the secret was going to be. If I’d known, I wouldn’t have sworn.’
‘And if someone had been hurt last night, by that bonfire, how would you be feeling now?’
Danny fought to control the welling behind his eyes. ‘I feel bad anyway. I feel I let you down. I feel I should have told you. But I couldn’t, Dad. Do you see that?’
‘Yes, I do,’ said Digger. ‘You kept a confidence, and that couldn’t have been easy. But you learned something else, too. You don’t agree to share secrets until you are quite sure what they are about.’
‘Yes, I know that now,’ said Danny.
It had been a good few days for Nick Mostert. He had donated five chickens to the American auction, the winners to collect them dead or alive. At the fete on the Rec, he had offered dressed fowls for sale, sharing a stall with Olive Eales, an elderly woman who bottled honey and marmalade.
Nick felt warmed by a sudden sense of belonging. People in the passing crowd seemed to know who he was, although he was unable to recognise too many. Almost before he realised it, all his chickens had been sold. Digger O’Brien stopped by to exchange a few words. Ian Ross, the doctor who had removed the plaster from his leg, wanted to know if it pained him in the cold weather.
After that fiasco, when he was caught in a lie about being an air force pilot, it was an unexpected feeling. He had thought he would be frustrated, like a magician stripped of his bag of tricks, no longer able to impress people with the fantasies he spun in his mind. Instead, he now found it almost cathartic, knowing that the locals were likely to question anything they believed might be a fabrication.
So, simply, Nick Mostert had been put in a position where he was forced to tell the truth – or if not the whole truth, then most of it. He knew it wouldn’t last. When eventually he moved on to another place, another town, those old fantasies would inevitable be revived. But in the meantime, he felt strangely content.
In this mood, Mostert sought to quench his thirst at the Grosvenor bar. It was late afternoon and the regulars were in their usual places.
‘Hey, Nick!’ said Pondo Harrington. ‘Is it true you’ve never been down to the Wild Coast? Well, isn’t it about time you went? Alf and I are planning a trip to spend the money I won off Ginger there. Why don’t you come along?’
‘How do you plan to travel?’ asked Nick. ‘On the railway bus?’
‘No, in that De Soto of yours.’
Nick Mostert laughed. Harrington was irrepressible. Still, he thought, it wasn’t a bad idea. Perhaps Pondo had some contacts down there who would want to buy a load of chickens. Then again, considering the company he and Alf kept, perhaps not.
‘All right, Pondo,’ Nick said. ‘When would you two be free to go?’
‘Oh, we’re free, Nick, old man!’ said Harrington. ‘Free as air!’
From John Ryan’s Spy story